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                    Resilient organisation
                  
                
              
            
            
          European Commission eases procurement rules for defense and security services
          
            
              4 September 2025 -
            
          
          
          
          
            The European Commission has proposed amendments to the procurement directives in the field of defence and security.The European Commission has issued a...
          
        
      
        
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                    Resilient organisation
                  
                
              
            
            
          When may a secret government contract be awarded without competitive bidding?
          
            
              4 September 2025 -
            
          
          
          
          
            A recent ruling by the District Court of The Hague held that the National Police did not have to put a contract out to tender because it had been declared...
          
        
      
        
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                    IT & Privacy
                  
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                
              
            
            
          Defence & Security: Key considerations around increased investment in cybersecurity
          
            
              5 August 2025 -
            
          
          
          
          
            A Europe-wide decision has recently been made to invest up to 5% of GDP in defence and related sectors. This means that significant funds will gradually be...
          
        
      
        
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                    Corporate & M&A
                  
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                
              
            
            
          Defence & Security: Investing, innovating and protecting
          
            
              5 August 2025 -
            
          
          
          
          
            In light of rising geopolitical tensions, NATO member states have recently agreed to a new NATO benchmark of 5% of GDP. The Dutch defence and security sector...
          
        
      
        
                Article
              
            
            
              
              
              
              
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                      
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
              
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
              
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
              
              
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
                  
                  
                    Banking & Finance
                  
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                
              
            
            
          Defense & Security: SecFund financing opportunities
          
            
              29 July 2025 -
            
          
          
          
          
            In light of increasing geopolitical tensions, there is consensus that more money should be invested in the defense industry. In line with this, NATO countries...
          
        
      
        
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                    Banking & Finance
                  
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                
              
            
            
          Abolition of Pledge Prohibitions Act
          
            
              2 July 2025 -
            
          
          
          
          
            The Senate has passed the Abolition of Pledge Prohibitions Actand its effective date is known, which is July 1, 2025. The Act has an impact on how parties can...
          
        
      
        
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                    IT & Privacy
                  
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                
              
            
            
          Limiting vendor lock-in: how do you maintain freedom and flexibility in a digital world?
          
            
              11 April 2025 -
            
          
          
          
          
            In an increasingly digital world, we rely on numerous third-party vendors for their software, cloud solutions and other IT services. This collaboration often...
          
        
      
        
                Article
              
            
            
              
              
              
              
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
              
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                      
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
              
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
              
              
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
                  
                  
                    Intellectual Property & Innovation
                  
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                
              
            
            
          Intellectual Property in the Netherlands and the EU: Development, Ownership and Exploitation
          
            
              7 April 2025 -
            
          
          
          
          
            Technological advancement and globalization have dramatically changed the world economy. These developments continue to have a material impact on value chains,...
          
        
      
        
                Article
              
            
            
              
              
              
              
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
              
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
              
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
              
              
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                
                  
                  
                    Resilient organisation
                  
                
              
            
            
          Platforms of dominant companies and mandatory interoperability: Important ruling by the CJEU on Android Auto
          
            
              31 March 2025 -
            
          
          
          
          
            On 25 February 2025, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) issued an important preliminary ruling in the case between Alphabet (Google) and the...
          
        
      
        
                Article
              
            
            
              
              
              
              
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
              
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                      
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
              
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
              
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                      
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
              
              
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
                  
                  
                    Intellectual Property & Innovation
                  
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
              
            
            
          Design and Copyright Protection in the EU
          
            
              11 February 2025 -
            
          
          
          
          
            Copyright and design protection are increasingly important topics in the European Union (EU). Recent legislative initiatives and court rulings across various...
          
        
      
        
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                    Labour & Pensions
                  
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                
              
            
            
          Secondment as an alternative to self-employment: what do you need to know?
          
            
              22 January 2025 -
            
          
          
          
          
            Much has been written about the risk of false self-employment and ways to mitigate it. We too regularly publish and advise on this topic. But the question that...
          
        
      
        
                Article
              
            
            
              
              
              
              
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
              
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                      
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
              
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
              
              
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
                  
                  
                    Intellectual Property & Innovation
                  
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                
              
            
            
          No trademark registration for ‘Glashütte Original’ in virtual watches
          
            
              15 December 2024 -
            
          
          
          
          
            The town of Glashütte is known for producing high-quality watches. Therefore, it fails to register ‘Glashütte Original’ as a trademark for virtual goods.
          
        
      
        
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                    Intellectual Property & Innovation
                  
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                
              
                
                
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                
                  
                    
                  
                
                
              
            
            
          Top 40 charts protected by database?
          
            
              4 December 2024 -
            
          
          
          
          
            Are the Top 40 charts a database within the meaning of the Databases Act? Legal proceedings on databases are not numerous, but in this case the Dutch Top 40...